(Very) Basic Theory

Half Steps: Smallest distance between 2 notes on 1 string = 1 fret.
Whole Step: 2 half steps/2 frets

#Sharp: raises a natural note 1/2 step
b Flat: lowers a natural note 1/2 step
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Musical Alphabet

A A# B C C# D D# E F F# G G# A .....

B to C = 1/2 step
E to F = 1/2 step

All natural notes are separated by a whole step EXCEPT B to C and E to F which are both 1/2 step.